APT - Debian & Ubuntu packages¶
Resources¶
- Pacman Rosetta - Compendium of usual commands for the main Linux package managers (apt, dnf, pacman, yum)
Upgrading packages¶
aptitude - update package metadata¶
# update package metadata using:
# - /etc/apt/sources.list
# - /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*.list
$ aptitude update
[...]
Get: 1 http://security.debian.org jessie/updates InRelease [63.1 kB]
Ign http://ftp.debian.org jessie InRelease
Hit http://repo.saltstack.com jessie InRelease
Get: 2 http://ftp.debian.org jessie-updates InRelease [142 kB]
Get: 3 http://security.debian.org jessie/updates/main amd64 Packages [231 kB]
Hit http://repo.saltstack.com jessie/main amd64 Packages
[...]
Fetched 12.3 MB in 9s (1,334 kB/s)
Current status: 34 updates [+28].
aptitude - upgrade all packages¶
$ aptitude upgrade
The following packages will be upgraded:
apt apt-utils base-files git git-man gnupg gpgv initramfs-tools libapt-inst1.5 libapt-pkg4.12 libc-bin libc-dev-bin libc6 libc6-dev libglib2.0-0 libhogweed2 libnettle4 libpam-modules libpam-modules-bin
libpam0g libpcre3 libsndfile1 libsystemd0 libudev1 linux-libc-dev locales multiarch-support salt-common salt-minion systemd systemd-sysv tzdata tzdata-java udev
The following packages are RECOMMENDED but will NOT be installed:
busybox busybox-static dbus gnupg-curl libpam-systemd
34 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 32.6 MB of archives. After unpacking 71.7 kB will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?] y
Get: 1 http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ jessie/main base-files amd64 8+deb8u4 [78.0 kB]
Get: 2 http://repo.saltstack.com/apt/debian/8/amd64/latest/ jessie/main salt-minion all 2015.8.8+ds-2 [24.5 kB]
Get: 3 http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ jessie/main libc6-dev amd64 2.19-18+deb8u4 [2,002 kB]
Get: 4 http://repo.saltstack.com/apt/debian/8/amd64/latest/ jessie/main salt-common all 2015.8.8+ds-2 [3,139 kB]
Get: 5 http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ jessie/main libc-dev-bin amd64 2.19-18+deb8u4 [237 kB]
[...]
Fetched 32.6 MB in 16s (1,939 kB/s)
Extracting templates from packages: 100%
Preconfiguring packages ...
(Reading database ... 37422 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../base-files_8+deb8u4_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking base-files (8+deb8u4) over (8+deb8u3) ...
Processing triggers for install-info (5.2.0.dfsg.1-6) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.0.2-5) ...
Setting up base-files (8+deb8u4) ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/debian_version ...
(Reading database ... 37422 files and directories currently installed.)
[...]
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-18+deb8u4) ...
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.120+deb8u1) ...
Current status: 0 updates [-34].
aptitude - upgrade some packages¶
$ aptitude upgrade git git-email git-man
The following packages will be upgraded:
git git-email git-man
3 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 231 not upgraded.
Need to get 3,310 kB of archives. After unpacking 311 kB will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?] y
Get: 1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main git-man all 1:1.9.1-1ubuntu0.3 [699 kB]
Get: 2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main git amd64 1:1.9.1-1ubuntu0.3 [2,586 kB]
Get: 3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/universe git-email all 1:1.9.1-1ubuntu0.3 [25.5 kB]
Fetched 3,310 kB in 5s (601 kB/s)
(Reading database ... 159204 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../git-man_1%3a1.9.1-1ubuntu0.3_all.deb ...
Unpacking git-man (1:1.9.1-1ubuntu0.3) over (1:1.9.1-1ubuntu0.1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../git_1%3a1.9.1-1ubuntu0.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking git (1:1.9.1-1ubuntu0.3) over (1:1.9.1-1ubuntu0.1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../git-email_1%3a1.9.1-1ubuntu0.3_all.deb ...
Unpacking git-email (1:1.9.1-1ubuntu0.3) over (1:1.9.1-1ubuntu0.1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1ubuntu1) ...
Setting up git-man (1:1.9.1-1ubuntu0.3) ...
Setting up git (1:1.9.1-1ubuntu0.3) ...
Setting up git-email (1:1.9.1-1ubuntu0.3) ...
Current status: 231 updates [-3].
Querying packages¶
aptitude - search a package¶
$ aptitude search rxvt-unicode
p rxvt-unicode - RXVT-like terminal emulator with Unicode support
p rxvt-unicode:i386 - RXVT-like terminal emulator with Unicode support
p rxvt-unicode-256color - multi-lingual terminal emulator with Unicode support for X
p rxvt-unicode-256color:i386 - multi-lingual terminal emulator with Unicode support for X
p rxvt-unicode-lite - RXVT-like terminal emulator with basic Unicode support
p rxvt-unicode-lite:i386 - RXVT-like terminal emulator with basic Unicode support
p rxvt-unicode-ml - multi-lingual terminal emulator -- transitional package
p rxvt-unicode-ml:i386 - multi-lingual terminal emulator -- transitional package
aptitude - show package metadata¶
$ aptitude show rxvt-unicode-256color
Package: rxvt-unicode-256color
State: not installed
Version: 9.19-1
Priority: optional
Section: universe/x11
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <ubuntu-devel-discuss@lists.ubuntu.com>
Architecture: amd64
Uncompressed Size: 3,174 k
Depends: libc6 (>= 2.17), libfontconfig1 (>= 2.9.0), libgcc1 (>= 1:4.1.1), libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 (>=
2.22.0), libglib2.0-0 (>= 2.12.0), libperl5.18 (>= 5.18.1), libstartup-notification0 (>= 0.2),
libx11-6, libxft2 (> 2.1.1), libxrender1, base-passwd (>= 2.0.3.4), ncurses-term (>= 5.8-1)
Recommends: ttf-dejavu, fonts-vlgothic | fonts-japanese-gothic
Conflicts: rxvt-unicode, rxvt-unicode, rxvt-unicode-256color
Provides: rxvt-unicode, x-terminal-emulator
Description: multi-lingual terminal emulator with Unicode support for X11
Homepage: http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode.html
dpkg - search installed packages¶
$ dpkg --list *udev*
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name Version Architecture Description
+++-====================-===============-===============-=============================================
ii libgudev-1.0-0:amd64 1:204-5ubuntu20 amd64 GObject-based wrapper library for libudev
un libudev0 <none> <none> (no description available)
ii libudev1:amd64 204-5ubuntu20.1 amd64 libudev shared library
ii libudev1:i386 204-5ubuntu20.1 i386 libudev shared library
ii udev 204-5ubuntu20.1 amd64 /dev/ and hotplug management daemon
dpkg - show local package metadata¶
$ dpkg --info /var/cache/apt/archives/libudev1_204-5ubuntu20.18_amd64.deb
new debian package, version 2.0.
size 33514 bytes: control archive=1549 bytes.
612 bytes, 15 lines control
216 bytes, 3 lines md5sums
135 bytes, 7 lines * postinst #!/bin/sh
132 bytes, 7 lines * postrm #!/bin/sh
49 bytes, 2 lines shlibs
3982 bytes, 93 lines symbols
Package: libudev1
Source: systemd
Version: 204-5ubuntu20.18
Architecture: amd64
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <ubuntu-devel-discuss@lists.ubuntu.com>
Installed-Size: 133
Pre-Depends: multiarch-support
Depends: libc6 (>= 2.17), libcgmanager0, libdbus-1-3 (>= 1.0.2), libnih-dbus1 (>= 1.0.0), libnih1 (>= 1.0.0)
Section: libs
Priority: important
Multi-Arch: same
Homepage: http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd
Description: libudev shared library
This library provides access to udev device information.
Original-Maintainer: Debian systemd Maintainers <pkg-systemd-maintainers@lists.alioth.debian.org>